Russia is the largest country in the world, covering over one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. It spans eleven time zones and encompasses a wide range of environments and landscapes, from the deep forests of Siberia to the vast deserts of the south. Moscow, the capital, is known for its historical architecture and vibrant cultural scene, with landmarks such as the Kremlin, a historic fortified complex at the heart of the city, and the iconic St. Basil's Cathedral. Russia is also famous for its rich cultural heritage in music, ballet, and literature, with world-renowned figures such as Tchaikovsky, Tolstoy, and Dostoevsky. The country has a complex history, marked by royal governance, communist rule, and a transition to a market economy and democracy in the late 20th century. Today, Russia continues to play a significant role in global politics and has a diverse and dynamic society.